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Why Costco won’t lower gas prices as quickly as its competitors

While gasoline prices remain above $4 a liter, they have fallen for three straight weeks, and news about a potential end to the conflict in Iran is setting the stage for further declines.

“As of May 21, the national average has decreased from $4.56 to $4.12 due to crude oil prices remaining below $100 a barrel,” AAA reported.

That’s much-needed relief for shoppers heading into the heart of the summer driving season, but Costco members may not see prices drop as quickly as they do at regular gas stations, as well as Kroger and Walmart.

Warehouse Club does that on purpose, and while its prices may be as low as many other chains, that’s part of a broader strategy to serve its members.

Costco has a gas plan

Costco deliberately prices fuel differently than most of its competitors, a strategy the warehouse club has discussed publicly for years on earnings calls.

When gas prices go down, Costco doesn’t lower prices at the same pace it raises them when prices go up. This allows the company to recoup some of the lost profits by doing the opposite when prices rise.

That drops another pain on the tap for Costco members as prices rise.

Former Costco CFO Richard Galanti defended that trend, discussing the warehouse club’s gas business during its second-quarter 2022 earnings call.

“I think that part of that story has been abandoned because it seems that not only us, but the wholesalers and other wholesalers who use the high prices of gas stations, have been able to use it as well. As the prices go up or down, even down a little, they don’t come together as quickly as they could, which gives us, in our view, the ability to be more competitive,” he said.

Costco uses low gas prices to drive members to its stores and add to the value of its membership. That gives the chain flexibility in pricing, because it doesn’t need to make as much per gallon as many competitors.

Costco gas stations only accept credit and debit cards, no cash.Shutterstock

Costco sees gas as a member retention tool

Costco’s CEO noted that the warehouse club recorded record sales in each of its three quarters in its third quarter for gas sales by volume. He also explained that higher fuel prices nationally fueled that, while speaking on the chain’s Q3 earnings call.

“The high price sensitivity of consumers, which drove these records, also prompted many members to use our gas stations for the first time in the third quarter. We believe that this will encourage even greater loyalty to these members in the future as members who use our gas stations usually spend more money with us in the warehouse,” he said.

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